A FinTech's Guide to Navigating Spam Regulations (CAN-SPAM & TCPA)

You probably don't spend much time worrying that a single click, that routine "Send" on your next email campaign, could put $51,792 on the line for every single prospect on your list. It could, though: as of 2025, that's the penalty for a single violation under the CAN-SPAM Act, bumped up again for inflation. Imagine you have a list of 1,000 prospects (which isn't unusual for a FinTech or RIA team late into a sales quarter). Multiply and gulp, you're at $51 million in theoretical exposure, just for making a compliance mistake in your client outreach .

It's not science fiction or something that "malicious spammers" worry about. The FTC and FCC do fine legitimate businesses. The risks get even uglier if you look past government penalties and into the wild west of TCPA class actions, but more on that in a minute.

Why is this an urgent issue for you? Because RIAs and FinTechs are completely dependent on direct outreach and digital marketing, that's where all the growth is coming from. The sector is expanding like crazy (over $340 billion in 2024, on its way to $1.13 trillion in a few years). FinTechs especially live and die by aggressive outbound strategies, it's a feature, not a bug . But way too often, founders, CMOs and CCOs in these firms have a blind spot: "General marketing spam rules? Surely, these don't apply to our client comms, or our sophisticated, consent-based offers to other businesses..."

Actually, they do. The government doesn't care if your outreach is "high-value" or "professional." Whether you're sending a punchy onboarding message or a warm "just following up," if the primary purpose is to promote a service or product, these rules snap into place.

You might have read about Experian's $650,000 penalty, those emails looked like account updates, but according to regulators were really disguised marketing pitches . CAN-SPAM doesn't care what you call it, if it sells, it counts. And with the explosion in TCPA class actions (up 67% from last year), plaintiffs' lawyers are circling like sharks around every big blast text campaign .

Here's what this briefing will do: Get clear on what's actually legally dangerous (not just annoying). No fancy legal theory, just specific requirements for your team. We'll take apart the CAN-SPAM Act and TCPA, show you what's non-negotiable for email and text compliance, and lay down a real-world, operational framework so your client engine works for you, not against you.

You'll see why automating compliance (maybe with someone like Luthor, honestly) is moving from "nice-to-have" to survival level. Let's start where most financial marketers still make the costliest mistakes: the inbox.

The Law of the Inbox: The CAN-SPAM Act

What Is It?

The CAN-SPAM Act is a U.S. federal law, enforced by the FTC. And it's simple, at least in concept: It sets the rules for every commercial email. Not just giant spam blasts from scammers in faraway countries, but literally any message whose main purpose is to promote or sell a product or service. If there's a sales pitch, banner, cross-sell, upsell, or advisory recommendation buried in it, this law applies to your message, whether or not you think of it as "spam." No special carve-outs for professional financial advice or B2B comms. The primary-purpose test is brutally wide .

So, it covers:

• Promotional newsletters
• Onboarding series with upgrade offers
• One-to-one prospect emails
• Market updates that end with a services plug

If you're a FinTech or RIA, don't get caught assuming your "relationship content" gets a pass. If a regulator sees a sales or marketing intent, you're on the hook.

Who It Applies To?

You. All of you. Any business that sends commercial emails. FinTech apps, wealth advisors, automated robo-platforms, old-school RIAs. There's no B2B exemption, no "but we're just following up with referrals," and no "but our message is educational." If there's marketing content, or even a hint of upsell, CAN-SPAM applies. Understanding fintech compliance requirements is crucial for navigating these regulations .

Even worse, if you misclassify a promotional email as "transactional" or "account update" to dodge compliance, that's a one-way ticket to a regulator's crosshairs. The Experian case was about exactly that, they thought they were in the clear, but got punished for not giving an opt-out on what were, in reality, sales messages .

Your CAN-SPAM Compliance Checklist (Actionable "Must-Do's"):

• Your "From," "To," and reply information needs to be real. No made-up sender names or spoofing. If your domain or business name isn't on it, fix it.
• The subject line needs to match the body. Don't dangle "account info" and then push a loan product. That's textbook deceptive, and the FTC cares how a reasonable recipient reads it.
• Identify the message as an ad or solicitation. Regulators don't demand heavy-handed disclaimers, but somewhere, it has to be clear. Example: "This is a promotional message from [your company]," right in the footer is fine.
• Every message requires your physical mailing address. No virtual box if you can't check it, or a coworking building that forwards things four weeks late. You need a valid, real address on every promo email .
• Give a clear unsubscribe. Single click. No long process, no log-in, and no "explain why you're unsubscribing" hurdle. If you make this hard, fines are headed your way.
• Honor opt-outs in 10 business days. This is tight. If someone wants out, you get them out fast and completely. You can't charge fees, demand extra PII, or drag your feet.
• Once someone opts out, you don't sell or transfer their info, unless you're sending it solely to a vendor running suppression lists for compliance .

Regulators are enforcing. In late 2024, a security company got slammed for a $2.95 million fine for ignoring opt-outs. It doesn't have to be repeated major offenses to trigger action, a pattern of ignoring basic unsubscribe rights can do it .

What's changed lately? In 2023 and 2024, the FTC moved hard against "legit" businesses, not just phishing ops, but mainstream tech and financial services companies for technical compliance errors (like broken opt-outs or fuzzy subject lines). Even Experian, a pretty well-known brand, got caught and paid big for reclassifying marketing as "updates." Today, having a compliance slip-up in your email engine isn't a fringe risk, it's a mainstream threat. The expectation, honestly, is that compliance in marketing has to be treated just as seriously as cybersecurity or trade reporting .

On top of that, your firm might have its own expectations: Luthor, for instance, lets you review your marketing assets for all those CAN-SPAM checks before the message goes out. Not a sales pitch, just something that takes this stuff off your daily mental to-do list.

The Law of the Phone: The Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA)

What Is It?

So CAN-SPAM is the warm-up act. The TCPA is the real iron wall. This federal law, dating back to 1991 (but updated for the mobile age), is all about restricting who you can contact over the phone or text, especially with anything automated. Enforced by the FCC and through private lawsuits, TCPA is "strict liability" territory.

Text messages count as calls if they're automated, and so do pre-recorded voice drops or anything involving autodialers. The rules hit hard wherever a consumer gets a message without explicitly signing up for it first.

• The penalties dwarf CAN-SPAM. Think $500 per text, climbing to $1,500 per text if the court thinks you knew (or should have known) you were breaching the law .
• Each message or call is its own violation. Five thousand auto-texts? That's anywhere between $2.5 million and $7.5 million just in theoretical exposure for a single faulty campaign.
• Oh, and these aren't government fines that settle, these go straight to consumers and fuel class actions. It's open season for plaintiff's attorneys

if your processes aren't airtight.

The Golden Rule: "Prior Express Written Consent"

Here's the thing that really trips up well-meaning marketers,-TCPA is not forgiving. You need rock-solid, prior express written consent before sending marketing texts or using autodialers to call someone's cell phone. This doesn't mean a buried clause in your terms, or a verbal "okay" from a prospect at a conference. No, it means they checked a box, signed something, or sent a clear electronic "yes" that's separate from anything else (like a service agreement). Simple, unambiguous, dated, and traceable.

And, once you have that consent, you're supposed to keep perfect, immutable records. If you can't prove it,-if you lose the records, or just have bad data architecture,-well, you're exposed. The consumer does not have to prove they didn't consent. You have to prove they did.

A reminder: consent isn't forever. If someone opts out,-whether by replying "STOP" or using any phrase even close to "end",-you have to honor that immediately. Trying to argue the technicalities in court is pointless and, from what's been happening lately, very expensive.

Some companies, frankly, have moved to automated solutions for this. With a platform like Luthor sitting on top of your martech stack, consent records, opt-outs, and audit trails are all stored and actionable by default,-without this, you're just trusting that your opt-out Excel file won't get lost. If you ask around, people will tell you that manual processes just don't scale.

Your TCPA Compliance Checklist

So, what do you absolutely have to put in place?

• Written consent on file for every number you plan to text or autodial. Not a pre-checked box, not an opt-out after the fact. Something explicit and date-stamped.
• Identify yourself. Every text and every call needs to show who it's from. Ambiguous sender IDs or vague greetings don't cut it.
• Every message must offer a real opt-out. Reply "STOP" (or "CANCEL", or even anything close,-regulators expect a little leniency). Make the process take just one message, no back-and-forth.
• Before you call or text, scrub your lists against the National Do Not Call Registry. This matters for voice and text. Forgetting, or getting lazy about re-scrubbing, is how big fines start stacking up.
• Double-check devices. If the number could be a mobile device,-don't "assume" it's a work phone or desk line,-the TCPA still applies. A lot of B2B marketers have gotten burned.

Well, in practice, most violations happen because disconnected systems or old opt-out records don't sync up. That, or marketers resent having to bug IT for scrub updates. Automated compliance platforms like Luthor were built because nobody wants to rely on quarterly list refreshes.

A lot of CCOs, when pressed, will admit they've lost sleep over not being able to prove proper consent for every contact they've emailed or texted for the last 24 months. That anxiety isn't unreasonable anymore,-lawyers have started using older phone numbers as a "trap" for easy money lawsuits.

The Consequences of Non-Compliance (What Happens When You Get It Wrong)

Let's talk fallout. Regulators like the FTC and FCC don't have a sense of humor about technical mistakes in marketing outreach. Fines are now closer to a financial sword of Damocles than a cost of doing business,-especially at the scale digital marketing demands.

The Financial Penalties

Straight to the ugly facts. The penalty for a single CAN-SPAM violation is up to $51,792 per message in 2025 . Yes, that's each message, each recipient. Even with careful targeting and "slow send" features, a single error can snowball into a seven-figure risk zone.

TCPA? This law is what keeps compliance officers up at night. Penalties start at $500 per call or text and climb to $1,500 per message if it's ruled "willful or knowing" (which courts have been readier to say lately) . These aren't capped at a certain campaign threshold,-if you mess up and reach 5,000 consumers, you're momentarily in $2.5 million to $7.5 million exposure land. Those aren't idle threats: last year, several FinTech and RIA marketers settled for more than $7 million from one botched SMS send. And these aren't just government fines,-these go right to consumers and class-action lawyers. Quite a few companies have been forced to slash staff, discontinue products, or halt all outbound marketing, sometimes overnight, because of this.

It's particularly annoying that the process is so lethal: if your compliance system has a glitch, sends batches to numbers missing proper records or doesn't honor "STOP" requests right away, you can rack up fines or lawsuits in weeks.

The Regulatory Scrutiny

So, fines aside, the real structural threat for any FinTech or RIA is how these marketing missteps draw the eye of the SEC and FINRA. While they don't write the spam and robocalling laws, these agencies absolutely see marketing compliance failures as a sign something is off in your entire operation.

What does that mean? You could set off a broader "books and records" or advertising review. For RIAs, Rule 204-2 kicks in: all business communications need to be captured and stored in specific ways. Violations here can send your firm into a long, exhausting examination process (which is, frankly, a cost center and brand killer). SEC and FINRA have publicly warned that communications compliance is becoming a proxy for organizational discipline as a whole. Understanding RIA compliance requirements is essential for avoiding these regulatory pitfalls.

A few examples from this year: several hybrid advisor teams and B2B robo platforms received deficiency letters just for failing to keep opt-out or consent logs in a way that their compliance officer could immediately retrieve. This isn't smoke and mirrors,-the SEC really does treat improper marketing as evidence of wider operational risk.

More and more, compliance consultants have started recommending automated documentation and real-time checking (again, tools like Luthor are pretty popular here) because having a defensible compliance system matters as much as any cybersecurity protocol or privacy filter.

The Reputational Damage

If you need a little more incentive to get this sorted, consider how easily reputation damage spreads now. Being tagged as a "spammer",-either inside your industry or publicly,-can chill referral networks instantly. Financial services and FinTechs thrive on trust (yeah, a bit cliche but true). A few warning threads on Reddit, angry tweets, or even a mention on industry forums can undo years of careful advisor marketing.

Class-action lawsuits for TCPA or CAN-SPAM could force you into the news for all the wrong reasons,-google "TCPA settlement" and you'll see big names sitting next to fines that would make any growing team nervous. Several high-growth FinTech and RIA brands saw customer outflows almost immediately after settlements were announced, even though they weren't "malicious spammers" by any stretch.

Sometimes, even if you win legally, you lose business because client trust burns fast and recovers slowly. Prospects drop off, old clients talk, and regulators make a note of your brand for next time. It feels a little unfair, and yeah, sometimes it is.

Automate Compliance, Mitigate Your Risk

So, after all that, you might look at your current opt-out spreadsheet or CRM flags and wonder if it's enough. Honestly? Manual processes are risky and often just don't scale. Human error isn't just possible, it's guaranteed over time,-especially as channels, vendors, and message types multiply. If you're switching mailing tools, updating multiple platforms, or relying on someone to plug in new campaign lists by hand, it's a setup for slip-ups.

That's pretty much why automated compliance products have cropped up. With a modern AI-based platform like Luthor, your team can actually:

• Store, find, and prove marketing consent records instantly,-no more digging through old spreadsheets or panicking when the auditor asks.
• Process unsubscribe requests across all your systems, in a way that gets the clicks out in seconds, not weeks. This both reduces exposure to FTC and court fines and spares you countless hours of re-keying or lost records.
• Pre-screen campaign text for subject line compliance, clear marketing disclosure, bad sender IDs, and more, before the message ever goes out. Realistically, most people forget to check those on a fast-moving team. This includes ensuring adherence to digital marketing compliance standards across all channels.

You're not just buying peace of mind. You're freeing up actual time, letting compliance people focus on policy, not chasing down missed opt-outs or misfiled requests.

Final Thoughts

If you're responsible for marketing, compliance, or operations at a FinTech or RIA, the rules of outreach have changed (and honestly, have gotten a lot more painful). CAN-SPAM and TCPA aren't old news,-fines are up, lawsuits are up, and regulators expect you to have real systems in place.

So what really matters? Track every consent. Build opt-out into every channel. Pre-check every message for compliance triggers. And absolutely don't leave your compliance on spreadsheets, disconnected vendors, or half-finished processes. Implementing proper email marketing compliance practices is non-negotiable in today's regulatory environment.

Can you keep up doing this all by hand? Maybe, for a while. But as lists get longer, team turnover picks up, compliance gets more complicated, and marketing gets quicker, mistakes will sneak in,-and they'll get noticed. That's just how things are now.

Automated marketing compliance isn't a magic bullet. But it does mean you're much less likely to spend another afternoon searching for that missing consent form or scrambling to clean up a botched opt-out. And, for what it's worth, regulators are starting to look a bit more kindly on firms that can show real-time, automated compliance logs and policies in practice,-versus teams that say "we do it" but can't actually prove it when someone's asking for records. Understanding compliance risk is the first step toward building these robust systems.

In short, spam regulations aren't something you can ignore or "deal with later." They show up everywhere in modern FinTech and RIA marketing, and the consequences for getting it wrong are way steeper than just an angry reply or a lost sale. A little attention, the right tools (maybe Luthor), and a process that goes beyond wishful thinking,-that's what keeps your growth engine humming (instead of grinding to a very expensive halt).

If you're tired of guessing, or just want to see how compliance can fit naturally in your workflow, request demo access and see how it looks in real time. Some things are just better automated.

And Luthor is just one click away. Request demo access, see how Luthor lets you automatically review marketing assets for compliance.